Systems Analysis of Tides

Title

Systems Analysis of Tides

 Author

Kalkwijk, J.P.T.

Faculty

Civil Engineering and Geosciences

 Department

Hydraulic Engineering

 Date

1983-11-01

 Abstract

Quite a long time the analysis of tidal observations has been based on the knowledge of the frequencies of the tidal components. These frequencies follow from an analysis of the tidal potentialor the tide generating force. This analysis also yields amplitudes and phases, but they are not equal to those of the real tidal components, called tqe tidal constants. The latter, namely, have to be derived from observations and the method of the least squares is a suitable tooI for that purpose. Another method is the Fourier. analysis (transformation), which yields information about which components are important, and application of the method of least squares afterwards,but this method is used less frequently. One of the reasons is, that gaps in a registration cannot be handled by Fourier analysis, but the least squares method can overcome this difficulty. However, knowledge about astronomical frequencies remains required. In a way these methods for tidal analysis are rather conservative compared to the method of time series analysis, wh i.chis now widely used in many branches of engineering, physical sciences and economics. One important aspect of times series analysis is spectral analysis, such as has been treated in chapter 4 considering deterministic signals in particular. Munk and Cartwright were the first to apply this theory in behalf of tidal analysis. In this connection it means that the output of a system, consisting of a water level registration, for instance, is correlated to a series of inputs, such as the tide generating force, solar radiation and possibly meteorological influences. Schematically this system can be represented by a block diagram. Time series analysis aims at the determination of the properties of the (sub-)systems, either in the time domain or in the frequency domain. An extensive set of mathematical tools has been developed in this respect in particular for so-called linear systems.

 Subject

tides
systems analysis
time series
least squares

 To reference this document use:

http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0f7527e3-b452-4e59-b2e6-bffacb3ca5e4

 Publisher

TU Delft, Department of Hydraulic Engineering

 Source

Report No. 13-83

 Part of collection

Institutional Repository

 Document type

report

 Rights

(c) TU Delft, Department of Hydraulic Engineering
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