Print Email Facebook Twitter Life cycle assessment of nutrient recycling from wastewater Title Life cycle assessment of nutrient recycling from wastewater: A critical review Author Lam, K.L. (TU Delft Sanitary Engineering) Zlatanovic, L. (TU Delft Amsterdam Institute for Advanced Metropolitan Solutions; TU Delft Sanitary Engineering) van der Hoek, J.P. (TU Delft Amsterdam Institute for Advanced Metropolitan Solutions; TU Delft Sanitary Engineering; Waternet) Department Amsterdam Institute for Advanced Metropolitan Solutions Date 2020-04-15 Abstract Recovering resources from wastewater systems is increasingly being emphasised. Many technologies exist or are under development for recycling nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater to agriculture. Planning and design methodologies are needed to identify and deploy the most sustainable solutions in given contexts. For the environmental sustainability dimension, life cycle assessment (LCA) can be used to assess environmental impact potentials of wastewater-based nutrient recycling alternatives, especially nitrogen and phosphorus recycling. This review aims to evaluate how well the LCA methodology has been adapted and applied for assessing opportunities of wastewater-based nutrient recycling in the form of monomineral, multimineral, nutrient solution and organic solid. We reviewed 65 LCA studies that considered nutrient recycling from wastewater for agricultural land application. We synthesised some of their insights and methodological practices, and discussed the future outlook of using LCA for wastewater-based nutrient recycling. In general, more studies suggested positive environmental outcomes from wastewater-based nutrient recycling, especially when chemical inputs are minimised, and source separation of human excreta is achieved. The review shows the need to improve methodological consistency (e.g., multifunctionality, fertiliser offset accounting, contaminant accounting), ensure transparency of inventory and methods, consider uncertainty in comparative LCA context, integrate up-to-date cross-disciplinary knowledge (e.g., agriculture science, soil science) into LCA models, and consider the localised impacts of recycled nutrient products. Many opportunities exist for applying LCA at various scales to support decisions on wastewater-based nutrient recycling – for instance, performing “product perspective” LCA on recycled nutrient products, integrating “process perspective” LCA with other systems approaches for selecting and optimising individual recovery processes, assessing emerging nutrient recovery technologies and integrated resource recovery systems, and conducting systems analysis at city, national and global level. Subject Agricultural land applicationEnvironmental impactsLife cycle assessmentNutrient recoveryNutrient recyclingWastewater To reference this document use: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:503f43e5-403b-4460-b242-6fb0185e895d DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.115519 ISSN 0043-1354 Source Water Research, 173 Part of collection Institutional Repository Document type review Rights © 2020 K.L. Lam, L. Zlatanovic, J.P. van der Hoek Files PDF 1_s2.0_S0043135420300555_main.pdf 1.72 MB Close viewer /islandora/object/uuid:503f43e5-403b-4460-b242-6fb0185e895d/datastream/OBJ/view