Old vehicles under new glance: A literature review and advanced data analysis on historic vehicles

Old vehicles under new glance: A literature review and advanced data analysis on historic vehicles

Araghi, Y.
Van Wee, G.P.

Technology, Policy and Management

Engineering, Systems and Services

2015-12-31

This report is composed of two parts: a literature review on published material relating to historic vehicles and a data analysis on the survey gathered from historic vehicle owners in 15 EU countries. The literature review, which is a first of its kind in the field of historic vehicles (HVs), objectively looks at published academic material, reliable books, research reports and databases. Since there were limited academic works to refer to, we also considered some non-academic material (grey literature) and opinions of experts. It was found that the number of vehicles over 30 years old is growing with a share of 1% of vehicle fleets across the EU, although with varying percentages among different countries (as high as 7% or as low as 0.5%). 90% of HVs are either passenger cars or motorbikes, and their yearly mileage share is reported to be between 0.25% and 1.5% of all cars. Furthermore, the material on HV related emissions, safety, environmental impacts, social and economic benefits were reviewed. The second part, advanced data analysis, takes an in-depth look at the gathered data from HV owners. We observed various characterises of owners such as: country, income, living area, club membership, age of owners (among others) and investigated their relationship on important criterions on HVs such as ownership, usage and expenditure. We saw that respondents from central European (e.g. Germany, Luxemburg, Austria) countries spend most on their HVs and also drive most. Respondents in Southern and Eastern European countries spend the least but drive about as much as average. We found out that the usage and expenditure of owners substantially differ among different income groups but not when it comes to ownership. On average high income earners spent 4 times more on their total HVs than the lowest income people. Both very low income and very high income drive HVs more than average (13% and 29% respectively). Low income owners probably used HVs as a means of transport and high income people had multiple HVs and in total they drove more on their HVs than average. HV ownership in congested areas was 30% lower than in the quiet and uncongested rural areas. However, the use of HVs and expenditure on HVs do not significantly differ between various spatial living areas. Middle-aged owners (between 53 to 70 years old) spend the most on their HVs with annual spending of more than 8500 euros in total. Whereas the youngest group of enthusiasts spend altogether around 4300 and the oldest group of owners spend no more than 3000 euros on their HVs. From our analysis we found out that mid-60s to mid-70s were the golden ages of old-timers with the highest number of HVs in the data set. Moreover, 60% of HVs were driven less than 2500 km in line with previous findings. Using latent class analysis, we determined five clusters of HV enthusiast and revealed some common behaviours and characteristics in each of these clusters. Finally by using SEM, we showed how activeness of HV enthusiasts and the quality of vehicle maintenance can be measured via relevant parameters in the data set. We determined how these concepts influence the condition of HVs.

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Delft University of Technology

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(c) 2015 The Authors