Print Email Facebook Twitter Discovery of Enterovirus A71-like nonstructural genomes in recent circulating viruses of the Enterovirus A species Title Discovery of Enterovirus A71-like nonstructural genomes in recent circulating viruses of the Enterovirus A species Author Lee, Kuo Ming (Chang Gung University) Gong, Yu Nong (Chang Gung University) Hsieh, Tzu Hsuan (Chang Gung University) Woodman, Andrew (The Pennsylvania State University) Dekker, N.H. (TU Delft BN/Nynke Dekker Lab) Cameron, Craig E. (The Pennsylvania State University) Shih, Shin Ru (Chang Gung University; Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Chang Gung University of Science and Technology) Date 2018-12-01 Abstract Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is an important nonpolio enterovirus that causes severe neurological complications. In 1998, Taiwan experienced an EV-A71 outbreak that caused 78 deaths. Since then, periodic epidemics of EV-A71 associated with newly emerging strains have occurred. Several of these strains are known to be recombinant; however, how these strains arose within such a short period of time remains unknown. Here, we sequenced 64 full-length genomes from clinical isolates collected from 2005 to 2016 and incorporated all 91 Taiwanese genomes downloaded from the Virus Pathogen Resource to extensively analyze EV-A71 recombination in Taiwan. We found that the B3 subgenotype was a potential recombinant parent of the EV-A71 C2-like and C4 strains by intratypic recombination. Such B3-similar regions were also found in many cocirculating coxsackieviruses belonging to Enterovirus A species (EV-A) through a series of intertypic recombinations. Therefore, locally enriched outbreaks of cocirculating viruses from different genotypes/serotypes may facilitate recombination. Most recombination breakpoints we found had nonrandom distributions and were located within the region spanning from the boundary of P1 (structural gene) and P2 (nonstructural) to the cis-Acting replication element at P2, indicating that specific genome reassembly of structural and nonstructural genes may be subject to natural selection. Through intensive recombination, 11 EV-A71-like signatures (including one in 3A, two in 3C, and eight in 3D) were found to be present in a variety of recently cocirculating EV-A viruses worldwide, suggesting that these viruses may be targets for wide-spectrum antiviral development. To reference this document use: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:dc256bad-ecb8-46c9-b379-e4c208c95fb3 DOI https://doi.org/10.1038/s41426-018-0107-0 Source Emerging Microbes and Infections, 7 (1) Part of collection Institutional Repository Document type journal article Rights © 2018 Kuo Ming Lee, Yu Nong Gong, Tzu Hsuan Hsieh, Andrew Woodman, N.H. Dekker, Craig E. Cameron, Shin Ru Shih Files PDF s41426_018_0107_0.pdf 3.87 MB Close viewer /islandora/object/uuid:dc256bad-ecb8-46c9-b379-e4c208c95fb3/datastream/OBJ/view