Print Email Facebook Twitter Twenty years of experience with central softening in The Netherlands Title Twenty years of experience with central softening in The Netherlands: Water quality – Environmental benefits – Costs Author Hofman, J.A.M.H. (Waternet) Kramer, O.J.I. (Waternet) van der Hoek, J.P. (Waternet) Nederlof, M (Vitens NV) Groenendijk, M (Brabant water) Date 2006 Abstract Central softening has been utilized by the Dutch water utilities since the late 1970s. It was introduced in the water treatment process as a method to supply water with an optimum water composition to prevent lead and copper release and to prevent excessive scaling. Twenty years of experience show that central softening is beneficial for public health, has significant environmental benefits and that it lowers social costs. Also enhanced consumer comfort is a result of distribution of water with low scaling potential. This paper will describe the water quality improvements and will quantify the benefits realized in practice. To reference this document use: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e43683de-0270-46c4-b736-c3ddfe9973e6 Source Proceedings of the International Symposium on Health Aspects of Calcium and Magnesium in Drinking Water: Washington, USA Event at International Symposium on Health Aspects of Calcium and Magnesium in Drinking Water, 2006-04-24 → 2006-04-26, International Life Sciences, Institute, Washington, United States Part of collection Institutional Repository Document type book chapter Rights © 2006 J.A.M.H. Hofman, O.J.I. Kramer, J.P. van der Hoek, M Nederlof, M Groenendijk Files PDF hofman_2006_20jaarervarin ... arding.pdf 382.89 KB Close viewer /islandora/object/uuid:e43683de-0270-46c4-b736-c3ddfe9973e6/datastream/OBJ/view