Title
A chlorhexidine-releasing epoxy-based coating on titanium implants prevents Staphylococcus aureus experimental biomaterial-associated infection
Author
Riool, M. (Universiteit van Amsterdam)
Dirks, A. J. (DSM)
Jaspers, V. (Universiteit van Amsterdam)
Loontjens, T. J.A. (Rijksuniversiteit Groningen)
van der Loos, C. M. (Universiteit van Amsterdam)
Florquin, S. (Universiteit van Amsterdam)
Apachitei, I. (TU Delft Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics)
Rijk, L. N.D. (DSM)
Keul, H. A. (DSM)
Zaat, S.A.J. (Universiteit van Amsterdam)
Date
2017
Abstract
Prevention of biomaterial-associated infections (BAI) remains a challenging problem, in particular due to the increased risk of resistance development with the current antibiotic-based strategies. Metallic orthopaedic devices, such as non-cemented implants, are often inserted under high mechanical stress. These non-cemented implants cannot be protected by e.g. antibiotic-releasing bone cement or other antimicrobial approaches, such as the use of bioactive glass. Therefore, in order to avoid abrasion during implantation procedures, we developed an antimicrobial coating with great mechanical stability for orthopaedic implants, to prevent Staphylococcus aureus BAI. We incorporated 5 and 10 wt % chlorhexidine in a novel mechanically stable epoxy-based coating, designated CHX5 and CHX10, respectively. The coatings displayed potent bactericidal activity in vitro against S. aureus, with over 80% of the release (19 μg/cm2 for CHX5 and 41 μg/ cm2 for CHX10) occurring within the first 24 h. In mice, the CHX10 coating significantly reduced the number of CFU (colony forming units), both on the implants and in the peri-implant tissues, 1 d after S. aureus challenge. The CHX10-coated implants were well-tolerated by the animals, with no signs of toxicity observed by histological analysis. Moreover, the coating significantly reduced the frequency of culture-positive tissues 1 d, and of culture-positive implants 1 and 4 d after challenge. In summary, the chlorhexidine-releasing mechanically stable epoxy-based CHX10 coating prevented implant colonisation and S. aureus BAI in mice and has good prospects for clinical development.
Subject
Antimicrobial coating
Chlorhexidine
Histology
In vivo test
Infection
Mouse
Staphylococcus aureus
Titanium
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1e53b0be-39c6-4065-8cb1-dcad3556ec09
DOI
https://doi.org/10.22203/eCM.v033a11
ISSN
1473-2262
Source
European Cells & Materials, 33, 143-157
Part of collection
Institutional Repository
Document type
journal article
Rights
© 2017 M. Riool, A. J. Dirks, V. Jaspers, T. J.A. Loontjens, C. M. van der Loos, S. Florquin, I. Apachitei, L. N.D. Rijk, H. A. Keul, S.A.J. Zaat