Print Email Facebook Twitter Zograscopic viewing Title Zograscopic viewing Author Koenderink, J. Wijntjes, M. Van Doorn, A. Faculty Industrial Design Engineering Department Industrial Design Date 2013-05-31 Abstract The “zograscope” is a “visual aid” (commonly known as “optical machine” in the 18th century) invented in the mid-18th century, and in general use until the early 20th century. It was intended to view single pictures (thus not stereographic pairs) with both eyes. The optics approximately eliminates the physiological cues (binocular disparity, vergence, accommodation, movement parallax, and image blur) that might indicate the flatness of the picture surface. The spatial structure of pictorial space is due to the remaining pictorial cues. As a consequence, many (or perhaps most) observers are aware of a heightened “plasticity” of the pictorial content for zograscopic as compared with natural viewing. We discuss the optics of the zograscope in some detail. Such an analysis is not available in the literature, whereas common “explanations” of the apparatus are evidently nonsensical. We constructed a zograscope, using modern parts, and present psychophysical data on its performance. Subject zograscopeviewboxesmonocular stereopsisplasticitypsycho-opticssynoptic viewing To reference this document use: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9b233bf1-2a34-4b64-9145-f11708b1c775 DOI doi:dx.doi.org/10.1068/i0585 Publisher Pion ISSN 2041-6695 Source i-Perception, 4 (3), 2013 Part of collection Institutional Repository Document type journal article Rights (c) 2013 Koenderink, J.Wijntjes, M.Van Doorn, A.Pion Files PDF Koenderink.pdf 2.82 MB Close viewer /islandora/object/uuid:9b233bf1-2a34-4b64-9145-f11708b1c775/datastream/OBJ/view