Concept of climate-charged airspaces

Concept of climate-charged airspaces: a potential policy instrument for internalizing aviation's climate impact of non-CO₂ effects

Niklaβ, Malte (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR))
Grewe, V. (TU Delft Aircraft Noise and Climate Effects; Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR))
Gollnick, Volker (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR); Hamburg University of Technology)
Dahlmann, Katrin (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR))

2021

Approximately 50–75% of aviation's climate impact is caused by non-CO₂ effects, like the production of ozone and the formation of contrail cirrus clouds, which can be effectively prevented by re-routing flights around highly climate-sensitive areas. Here, we discuss options how to incentivize re-routing approaches and apply multicriteria trajectory optimizations to demonstrate the feasibility of the concept of climate-charged airspaces (CCAs). We show that although climate-optimized re-routing results in slightly longer flight times, increased fuel consumption and higher operating costs, it is more climate-friendly compared to a cost-optimized routing. In accordance to other studies, we find that the averaged temperature response over 100 years (ATR (Formula presented.)) of a single flight can be reduced by up to 40%. However, if mitigation efforts are associated with a direct increase in costs, there is a need for climate policies. To address the lack of incentivizing airlines to internalize their climate costs, this study focuses on the CCA concept, which imposes a climate charge on airlines when operating in highly climate-sensitive areas. If CCAs are (partly) bypassed, both climate impact and operating costs of a flight can be reduced: a more climate-friendly routing becomes economically attractive. For an exemplary North-Atlantic network, CCAs create a financial incentive for climate mitigation, achieving on average more than 90% of the climate impact reduction potential of climate-optimized trajectories (theoretical maximum, benchmark). Key policy insights Existing climate policies for aviation do not address non- (Formula presented.) effects, which are very sensitive to the location and the timing of the emission. By imposing a temporary climate charge for airlines that operate in highly climate-sensitive regions, the trade-off between economic viability and environmental compatibility could be resolved: Climate impact mitigation of non- (Formula presented.) effects coincides with cutting costs. To ensure easy planning and verification, climate charges are calculated analogously to en-route and terminal charges. For climate mitigation it is therefore neither necessary to monitor emissions ((Formula presented.) (Formula presented.), etc.) nor to integrate complex non- (Formula presented.) effects into flight planning procedures of airlines. Its implementation is feasible and effective.

aviation emissions
climate change mitigation
cost-benefit analysis
non- effects
trajectory optimization
Transport policy

http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b66b540e-b1f1-4249-8d66-30da2d678f6f

https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2021.1950602

1469-3062

Climate Policy, 21 (8), 1066-1085

Institutional Repository

journal article

© 2021 Malte Niklaβ, V. Grewe, Volker Gollnick, Katrin Dahlmann