Print Email Facebook Twitter Cerebellar growth impairment characterizes school-aged children born preterm without perinatal brain lesions Title Cerebellar growth impairment characterizes school-aged children born preterm without perinatal brain lesions Author Pieterman, K.J. (Erasmus MC) White, T. J. (Erasmus MC) van den Bosch, G.E.W. (Erasmus MC) Niessen, W.J. (TU Delft ImPhys/Quantitative Imaging; Erasmus MC; Quantib B.V.) Reiss, I. K.M. (Erasmus MC) Tibboel, D. (Erasmus MC) Hoebeek, F. E. (Erasmus MC) Dudink, J. (University Medical Center Utrecht) Date 2018 Abstract BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Infants born preterm are commonly diagnosed with structural brain lesions known to affect long-term neurodevelopment negatively. Yet, the effects of preterm birth on brain development in the absence of intracranial lesions remain to be studied in detail. In this study, we aim to quantify long term consequences of preterm birth on brain development in this specific group. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Neonatal cranial sonography and follow-up T1-weighted MR imaging and DTI were performed to evaluate whether the anatomic characteristics of the cerebrum and cerebellum in a cohort of school-aged children (6 -12 years of age) were related to gestational age at birth in children free of brain lesions in the perinatal period. RESULTS: In the cohort consisting of 36 preterm (28-37 weeks' gestational age) and 66 term-born infants, T1-weighted MR imaging and DTI at 6-12 years revealed a reduction of cerebellar white matter volume (β=0.387, P=.001), altered fractional anisotropy of cerebellar white matter (β=-0.236, P=.02), and a reduction of cerebellar gray and white matter surface area (β=0.337, P=.001;β=0.375, P<.001, respectively) in relation to birth age. Such relations were not observed for the cerebral cortex or white matter volume, surface area, or diffusion quantities. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study show that perinatal influences that are not primarily neurologic are still able to disturb long-term neurodevelopment, particularly of the developing cerebellum. Including the cerebellum in future neuroprotective strategies seems therefore essential. To reference this document use: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f49377c5-7eba-4a53-accc-88c5511ed508 DOI https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A5589 ISSN 0195-6108 Source American Journal of Neuroradiology, 39 (5), 956-962 Part of collection Institutional Repository Document type journal article Rights © 2018 K.J. Pieterman, T. J. White, G.E.W. van den Bosch, W.J. Niessen, I. K.M. Reiss, D. Tibboel, F. E. Hoebeek, J. Dudink Files PDF 956.full.pdf 1.33 MB Close viewer /islandora/object/uuid:f49377c5-7eba-4a53-accc-88c5511ed508/datastream/OBJ/view